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The amount of water present on the breeding grounds is one of the most important elements in duck breeding success. In 2010, total pond estimates for the United States and Canada combined was 6.7 million. This was similar to last year’s estimate and 34% above the long-term average of 5 million ponds.

The view as pilot biologists passed over the excellent waterfowl habitat of the Mississippi River marshes just downstream of LaCrosse, Wisconsin in May 2010. (Photo by W. Rhodes, USFWS)